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Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. They can vary in size from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball. These stones form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, than the fluid in your urine can dilute. Types of Kidney Stones Kidney stones are classified into different types based on their composition. The most common types are calcium stones, which